【Django在线教育平台】05.用户注册功能实现

# 用户注册 ## 用户注册视图RegisterView(View) 书写我们对应要处理的view(RegisterView) **users/views.py** ```python # 用户注册 class RegisterView(View): def get(self, request): return render(request, 'register.html') ``` ## 用户注册url ```python from users.views import user_login, LoginView, RegisterView urlpatterns = [ path('admin/', admin.site.urls), path('xadmin/', xadmin.site.urls), path('', TemplateView.as_view(template_name='index.html'), name='index'), # path('login/', TemplateView.as_view(template_name='login.html'), name='login'), # path('login/', user_login, name='login'), path('login/', LoginView.as_view(), name='login'), # 基于类方法实现登录,这里是调用它的方法 path('register/', RegisterView.as_view(), name='register'), ] ``` ## 创建注册模板register.html pass ## 验证码库实现验证码 https://github.com/mbi/django-simple-captcha ### 安装 ```python pip install django-simple-captcha ``` 将 `captcha` 添加到settings.py应用中 ```python INSTALLED_APPS = [ 'django.contrib.admin', 'django.contrib.auth', 'django.contrib.contenttypes', 'django.contrib.sessions', 'django.contrib.messages', 'django.contrib.staticfiles', 'users', 'courses', 'organization', 'operation', 'xadmin', 'crispy_forms', 'reversion', 'captcha', ] ``` 执行同步数据库 ```python manage.py@DjangoOnlineLearningPlatform > migrate ``` ### 添加到urls中 ```python from django.urls import include urlpatterns = [ path('admin/', admin.site.urls), path('xadmin/', xadmin.site.urls), path('', TemplateView.as_view(template_name='index.html'), name='index'), # path('login/', TemplateView.as_view(template_name='login.html'), name='login'), # path('login/', user_login, name='login'), path('login/', LoginView.as_view(), name='login'), # 基于类方法实现登录,这里是调用它的方法 path('register/', RegisterView.as_view(), name='register'), path('captcha/', include('captcha.urls')), ] ``` ## 验证码展示到页面 **users/forms.py** ### 定义注册表单RegisterForm(forms.Form) ```python from captcha.fields import CaptchaField class RegisterForm(forms.Form): # 此处email与前端name需保持一致 email = forms.EmailField(required=True) password = forms.CharField(required=True, min_length=5) # 应用验证码 captcha = CaptchaField() # 如果验证码错误提示是英文，可以在括号内加入 error_messages={'invalid': '验证码错误'} ``` ### 验证码实例化视图RegisterView(View) **users/views.py** 在我们的registerform中实例化并传送到前端 ```python from .forms import LoginForm, RegisterForm # 用户注册 class RegisterView(View): def get(self, request): # print(request.build_absolute_uri()) # 地址为： http://127.0.0.1:8000/register/ register_form = RegisterForm() # 图片验证码 # hashkey验证码生成的秘钥，image_url验证码的图片地址 hashkey = CaptchaStore.generate_key() image_url = captcha_image_url(hashkey) return render(request, 'register.html', { 'register_form': register_form, 'hashkey': hashkey, 'image_url': image_url, }) ``` ### 前端获取验证码值register.html ```html <h3>欢迎注册 在线学习平台</h3> <p>创建一个新账户</p> <form method="post" action="/register/" autocomplete="off"> <input name="email" value="{% if register_form.email.value %}{{ register_form.email.value }}{% endif %}" type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="请输入邮箱" required=""> {% if register_form.errors.email %} <span class="help-block m-b-none"> {{ register_form.errors.email.as_text }}</span> {% endif %} <input name="password" value="{% if register_form.password.value %}{{ register_form.password.value }}{% endif %}" type="password" class="form-control" placeholder="请输入密码" required=""> {% if register_form.errors.password %} <span class="help-block m-b-none"> {{ register_form.errors.password.as_text }}</span> {% endif %} <div class="input-group"> <input type="text" name="captcha_1" required="" id="id_captcha_1" class="form-control" autocapitalize="off" autocomplete="off" autocorrect="off" spellcheck="false" style="width: 75%" placeholder="验证码"> <img style="width: 25%; float: left; margin-top: 15px;height: 30px" src="{{ image_url }}" alt="captcha" class="captcha"> <input type="hidden" name="captcha_0" value="{{ hashkey }}" required="" id="id_captcha_0"> </div> {# register_form.captcha #} <!-- 可以使用register_form表单自动生成表单框和验证码图片，但样式没调好，就是用上面方法了 --> {#【{{ image_url }}、{{ hashkey }}】#} {% if register_form.errors.captcha %} <span class="help-block m-b-none"> {{ register_form.errors.captcha.as_text }}</span> {% endif %} {% csrf_token %} {% if msg %} <br> <div class="alert alert-danger" style="padding: 5px;"> {{ msg }} </div> {% endif %} <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary block full-width m-b">注 册</button> <p class="text-muted text-center"><small>已经有账户了？</small><a href="login.html">点此登录</a> </p> </form> ``` ### 刷新验证码功能 http://django-simple-captcha.readthedocs.io/en/latest/usage.html 前端的form提交加上对应的`crsf token` 刷新验证码是前端帮我们完成的： ```html <script src="{% static 'js/jquery.min.js' %}"></script> <script> $('.captcha').click(function () { $.getJSON("/captcha/refresh/", function (result) { $('.captcha').attr('src', result['image_url']); $('#id_captcha_0').val(result['key']) }); }); </script> ```  ## 获取注册表单保存数据库RegisterView(View) 获取前端页面值并封装成一个user_profile对象，保存到数据库。 ### 密码加密 ```python # 用户注册 class RegisterView(View): def get(self, request): register_form = RegisterForm() # 图片验证码 # hashkey验证码生成的秘钥，image_url验证码的图片地址 hashkey = CaptchaStore.generate_key() image_url = captcha_image_url(hashkey) return render(request, 'register.html', { 'register_form': register_form, 'hashkey': hashkey, 'image_url': image_url, }) def post(self, request): register_form = RegisterForm(request.POST) # 图片验证码 hashkey = CaptchaStore.generate_key() image_url = captcha_image_url(hashkey) if register_form.is_valid(): user_name = request.POST.get("email", "") pass_word = request.POST.get("password", "") # 用户不为空字符串，且用户 if user_name.strip() != '' and not UserProfile.objects.filter(email=user_name): # 实例化一个user_profile对象，将前台值存入 user_profile = UserProfile() user_profile.username = user_name user_profile.email = user_name # 加密password进行保存 user_profile.password = make_password(pass_word) user_profile.save() # 发送邮件功能待写 return render(request, 'login.html') else: return render(request, 'register.html', { 'register_form': register_form, 'msg': '邮箱已使用！', 'hashkey': hashkey, 'image_url': image_url, }) return render(request, 'register.html', { 'register_form': register_form, 'hashkey': hashkey, 'image_url': image_url, }) ``` ## 发送邮件功能 ### 发送邮件配置 修改settings.py ```python # 在标准输出中输出e-mail内容来代替通过SMTP服务发送邮件 # EMAIL_BACKEND = 'django.core.mail.backends.console.EmailBackend' # 实际发送邮件 EMAIL_BACKEND = 'django.core.mail.backends.smtp.EmailBackend' EMAIL_HOST = 'smtp.yeah.net' # smtp地址 EMAIL_HOST_USER = 'xyliurui@yeah.net' EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD = 'lr99@ts.com' EMAIL_PORT = 25 # smtp端口 EMAIL_USE_TLS = True # DEFAULT_FROM_EMAIL = 'xyliurui@yeah.net' # 可以使用这个表达形式 DEFAULT_FROM_EMAIL = 'DjangoAdmin <xyliurui@yeah.net>' # 管理员站点 SERVER_EMAIL = 'xyliurui@yeah.net' EMAIL_FROM = 'DjangoAdmin<xyliurui@yeah.net>' # 一般为登录用户，也就是=EMAIL_HOST_USER ``` ### 发送邮件模块email_send.py apps文件夹下，新建Package包，名字为utils，然后创建email_send.py文件 **apps/utils/email_send.py** ```python #! /usr/bin/env python # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- from random import Random from django.core.mail import send_mail from users.models import EmailVerifyRecord from django.conf import settings # 生成随机字符串 def random_str(random_length=8): s = '' # 生成字符串的可选字符串 chars = 'AaBbCcDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpQqRrSsTtUuVvWwXxYyZz0123456789' length = len(chars) - 1 for i in range(random_length): s += chars[Random().randint(0, length)] return s # 发送注册邮件 def send_register_email(request_uri, email, send_type='register'): # 发送之前先保存到数据库，到时候查询链接是否存在 # 实例化一个EmailVerifyRecord对象 email_record = EmailVerifyRecord() # 生成随机的code放入链接 code = random_str(16) email_record.code = code email_record.email = email email_record.send_type = send_type email_record.save() # 定义邮件内容 email_title = '' email_body = '' if send_type == 'register': email_title = '在线学习平台 注册激活链接' email_body = '请点击链接激活账号：{}active/{}'.format(request_uri, code) # request_uri='http://127.0.0.1:8000/register/' # 使用Django内置函数完成邮件发送。四个参数：主题，邮件内容，从哪里发，接受者list send_status = send_mail(email_title, email_body, settings.EMAIL_FROM, [email]) if send_status: return True else: return False ``` ### 注册post视图中增加发送邮件RegisterView(View) 需要将新注册的用户设置为未激活`user_profile.is_active = False`，然后通过激活链接去激活 ```python from utils.email_send import send_register_email # 用户注册 class RegisterView(View): def get(self, request): # print(request.build_absolute_uri()) # 地址为： http://127.0.0.1:8000/register/ register_form = RegisterForm() # 图片验证码 # hashkey验证码生成的秘钥，image_url验证码的图片地址 hashkey = CaptchaStore.generate_key() image_url = captcha_image_url(hashkey) return render(request, 'register.html', { 'register_form': register_form, 'hashkey': hashkey, 'image_url': image_url, }) def post(self, request): register_form = RegisterForm(request.POST) # 图片验证码 hashkey = CaptchaStore.generate_key() image_url = captcha_image_url(hashkey) if register_form.is_valid(): user_name = request.POST.get("email", "") pass_word = request.POST.get("password", "") # 用户不为空字符串，且用户 if user_name.strip() != '' and not UserProfile.objects.filter(email=user_name): # 实例化一个user_profile对象，将前台值存入 user_profile = UserProfile() user_profile.username = user_name user_profile.email = user_name # 加密password进行保存 user_profile.password = make_password(pass_word) # 默认激活状态True，需要改为False user_profile.is_active = False user_profile.save() # 发送注册激活邮件 send_register_email(request_uri=request.build_absolute_uri(), email=user_name, send_type='register') return render(request, 'login.html') else: return render(request, 'register.html', { 'register_form': register_form, 'msg': '邮箱已使用！', 'hashkey': hashkey, 'image_url': image_url, }) return render(request, 'register.html', { 'register_form': register_form, 'hashkey': hashkey, 'image_url': image_url, }) ``` 测试注册发送验证码功能，填入正确的表单，输入正确的验证码，点击注册，即可收到邮件。 ## 邮件链接激活 ### 收到激活链接 邮件发送成功后，收到邮件 ``` 请点击链接激活账号：http://127.0.0.1:8000/register/active/6LeX4thafahodBy7 ``` ### 激活用户视图ActiveUserView(View) ```python from .models import UserProfile, EmailVerifyRecord # 激活用户 class ActiveUserView(View): def get(self, request, active_code): # 查询验证码是否存在 all_record = EmailVerifyRecord.objects.filter(code=active_code) if all_record: for record in all_record: email = record.email user = UserProfile.objects.get(email=email) user.is_active = True user.save() return render(request, 'login.html', { 'msg': '激活用户成功' }) else: register_form = RegisterForm() hashkey = CaptchaStore.generate_key() image_url = captcha_image_url(hashkey) return render(request, 'register.html', { "msg": "您的激活链接无效", 'register_form': register_form, 'hashkey': hashkey, 'image_url': image_url, }) ``` ### 激活用户url ```python from django.urls import path, re_path urlpatterns = [ path('admin/', admin.site.urls), path('xadmin/', xadmin.site.urls), path('', TemplateView.as_view(template_name='index.html'), name='index'), # path('login/', TemplateView.as_view(template_name='login.html'), name='login'), # path('login/', user_login, name='login'), path('login/', LoginView.as_view(), name='login'), # 基于类方法实现登录,这里是调用它的方法 path('register/', RegisterView.as_view(), name='register'), re_path('register/active/(?P<active_code>.*)/', ActiveUserView.as_view(), name='user_active'), # 激活 path('captcha/', include('captcha.urls')), ] ```

明人不说暗话 领红包就是支持！！！ 来都来了，再到页面底部看下呗~ ↓ ↓ ↓

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