【smokeping】网络性能监控，机房网络评估

# 介绍 选择机房时，需要知道机房的网络请况，就需要用到网络监控软件smokeping。 smokeping由Perl语言写成，底层依赖于rrdtool和fping。 主要是监视网络性能，包括常规的`ping`，用`echoping`监控www服务器性能，监控dns查询性能和监控ssh性能等。底层时以rrdtool做支持，使用画图来表示网络丢包和延迟。 从监控图上的延时与丢包能分辨出你机房的网络是否稳定，是否为多线，是否为BGP机房，到各城市的3个运营商之间的网络，各是什么情况，如果出现问题，如何有针对性的解决。而且如果选择新机房的时候，可以根据smokeping的监控结果来判断这个机房是否适合。 # 组成部分 smokeping整个系统正常运行需要：web服务器软件、smokeping主服务、探针，rrdtool。 ## web服务器软件 smokeping拥有直观高效且漂亮的webUI，因此需要借助第三方web服务，默认使用的是apache服务，同时需要启用cgi模块。 ## smokeping主服务 smokeping主服务即smokeping工作进程，负责在后台（也可以前台）执行监测任务。 ## 探针 smokeping实际使用的监测工具即探针。默认探针是fping，常用探针例如： - `fping` 默认探针，使用icmp协议，可并发检测目标RTT(Round-Trip Time)数值 - `echoping` echo服务检测，使用tcp/udp协议，默认端口号7 - `tcpping` tcp端口检测，使用tcp协议监测端口连通性和时延 更多关于探针的介绍可以参阅官方文档。 ## rrdtool rrdtool(Round Robin Database Tool)即轮询调度数据库工具，使用C语言写成，是一种强大的绘图引擎，兼有时序数据库和绘图两种功能。rrdtool被许多监控平台所使用，如smokeping、cacti、open-falcon等。 # 安装配置smokeping 访问 https://oss.oetiker.ch/smokeping/doc/smokeping_install.en.html 可以看到安装步骤。 ```bash [root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release CentOS Linux release 7.7.1908 (Core) [root@localhost ~]# uname -r 3.10.0-1062.4.1.el7.x86_64 ``` smokeping需要依赖系统上的其他工具和服务，除了Unix操作Perl组件。 ## 环境依赖包安装 ```bash [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install wget vim curl [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ popt-devel ``` ### RRDtool 1.2.x or later Smokeping使用RRDtool进行记录和绘图。如果linux提供了一个带有perl支持的rrdtool包，那么可以使用它。如果没有或安装新版 ```bash [root@localhost ~]# yum install rrdtool perl-rrdtool openssl-devel -y ``` ### FPing (可选) smokeping 2.7.2 以上需要 fping4.0 以上，因此需要手动编译。可以访问 http://www.fping.org/ 下载 ```bash [root@localhost ~]# wget http://www.fping.org/dist/fping-4.2.tar.gz [root@localhost ~]# tar -xzf fping-4.2.tar.gz [root@localhost ~]# cd fping-4.2 [root@localhost fping-4.2]# ./configure [root@localhost fping-4.2]# make && make install ``` ### EchoPing (可选) 需要它来运行echoping探测，做tcp ping，访问 https://github.com/bortzmeyer/echoping/ 进行查看。 http://bortzmeyer.github.io/echoping/ 官方说明，不在积极维护了。 ```bash [root@localhost ~]# wget https://fossies.org/linux/misc/old/echoping-6.0.2.tar.gz [root@localhost ~]# tar xzf echoping-6.0.2.tar.gz [root@localhost ~]# cd echoping-6.0.2 [root@localhost echoping-6.0.2]# yum install -y popt-devel [root@localhost echoping-6.0.2]# ./configure # 如果报错使用下面的配置 [root@localhost echoping-6.0.2]# ./configure --with-ssl --without-libidn [root@localhost echoping-6.0.2]# make && make install ``` ### Webserver http://httpd.apache.org/ 重要的是，要有一个web服务器，它允许运行CGI，最好是FastCGI脚本。如果使用的是Apache，强烈建议使用suexec系统作为特定用户运行CGI脚本。 有关更多信息，请查看 http://httpd.apache.org/mod_fcgid/mod/mod_fcgid.html 和 http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_suexec.html 。 注意smokeping是fcgi程序，因此apache 需要安装`mod_fcgid`， http的版本是 2.4.6 ```bash [root@localhost ~]# yum install httpd httpd-devel -y [root@localhost ~]# yum install mod_fcgid -y [root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable httpd Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service. [root@localhost ~]# systemctl start httpd # 查看Apache默认监听端口 [root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf | grep Listen | grep -v "#" Listen 80 # 查看端口及服务 [root@localhost ~]# netstat -antp | grep httpd tcp6 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 8572/httpd # 但是外部是不同的，需要开启CentOS的防火墙fireall-cmd [root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp success # 操作完成后重载 [root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --reload success ``` 这时候访问该主机的IP http://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/ 即可以看到Apache的页面。 ### Perl 5.10.1 or later ```bash [root@localhost ~]# yum install perl-core -y ``` ## 开始安装smokeping 安装的版本为 smokeping-2.7.3 ，为2019年11月16日最新 ```bash [root@localhost ~]# wget https://oss.oetiker.ch/smokeping/pub/smokeping-2.7.3.tar.gz [root@localhost ~]# tar xzf smokeping-2.7.3.tar.gz [root@localhost ~]# cd smokeping-2.7.3 [root@localhost smokeping-2.7.3]# ./configure --prefix=/opt/smokeping ** Ready to install Smokeping ****************************** Settings: PERL5LIB = not set PERL = /usr/bin/perl The Smokeping Makefiles use GNU make functionality. Continue installation with /usr/bin/gmake install ``` 出现上面的错误，表示没有指定`PERL5LIB`，下面将加上 ```bash [root@localhost smokeping-2.7.3]# ./configure --prefix=/opt/smokeping PERL5LIB=/usr/lib64/perl5/ ** Ready to install Smokeping ****************************** Settings: PERL5LIB = /usr/lib64/perl5/ PERL = /usr/bin/perl The Smokeping Makefiles use GNU make functionality. Continue installation with /usr/bin/gmake install [root@localhost smokeping-2.7.3]# /usr/bin/gmake install Making install in thirdparty gmake[1]: 进入目录“/root/smokeping-2.7.3/thirdparty” GEN touch Successfully installed FCGI-0.78 Successfully installed HTML-Tagset-3.20 Successfully installed HTML-Parser-3.72 Successfully installed CGI-4.40 (upgraded from 3.59) Successfully installed CGI-Fast-2.13 (upgraded from 1.09) Successfully installed Config-Grammar-1.12 Successfully installed Socket6-0.29 Successfully installed Net-SSLeay-1.85 Successfully installed Mozilla-CA-20180117 Successfully installed IO-Socket-SSL-2.060 Successfully installed Digest-HMAC-1.03 Successfully installed Net-Telnet-3.04 Successfully installed Net-OpenSSH-0.78 Successfully installed Net-SNMP-v6.0.1 Successfully installed Convert-ASN1-0.27 Successfully installed perl-ldap-0.65 Successfully installed IO-Socket-IP-0.39 Successfully installed Net-DNS-1.19 Successfully installed IO-Tty-1.12 Successfully installed URI-1.74 Successfully installed LWP-MediaTypes-6.02 Successfully installed Encode-Locale-1.05 Successfully installed IO-HTML-1.001 Successfully installed HTTP-Date-6.02 Successfully installed HTTP-Message-6.18 Successfully installed File-Listing-6.04 Successfully installed HTTP-Negotiate-6.01 Successfully installed HTTP-Daemon-6.01 Successfully installed Try-Tiny-0.30 Successfully installed Net-HTTP-6.18 Successfully installed HTTP-Cookies-6.04 Successfully installed WWW-RobotRules-6.02 Successfully installed libwww-perl-6.36 Successfully installed ExtUtils-MakeMaker-7.34 (upgraded from 6.63_02) Successfully installed Net-IP-1.26 Successfully installed Data-HexDump-0.02 Successfully installed Authen-Radius-0.29 Successfully installed Path-Tiny-0.108 38 distributions installed # 安装成功 ``` ## 初始化smokeping ### 创建文件夹 需要建立三个文件夹，`data`用来存放 rrd 文件，`var`用来存放 smokeping 的 pid，`/var/log`用来存放 smokeping.log ```bash [root@localhost ~]# cd /opt/smokeping # 从示例文件中，可以看到需要创建下面即可目录 [root@localhost smokeping]# cat etc/config.dist | grep '/opt/smokeping' imgcache = /opt/smokeping/cache datadir = /opt/smokeping/data piddir = /opt/smokeping/var smokemail = /opt/smokeping/etc/smokemail.dist tmail = /opt/smokeping/etc/tmail.dist template = /opt/smokeping/etc/basepage.html.dist secrets=/opt/smokeping/etc/smokeping_secrets.dist # 创建需要的目录 [root@localhost smokeping]# mkdir data cache var [root@localhost smokeping]# chown apache:apache cache data var [root@localhost smokeping]# chmod 777 data cache var # 创建日志文件 [root@localhost smokeping]# touch /var/log/smokeping.log [root@localhost smokeping]# chown apache:apache /var/log/smokeping.log ``` ### 复制配置文件 ```bash [root@localhost smokeping]# pwd /opt/smokeping # 查看有哪些文件 [root@localhost smokeping]# ls bin cache data etc htdocs lib log share [root@localhost smokeping]# ls etc/ basepage.html.dist config.dist examples smokemail.dist smokeping_secrets.dist tmail.dist [root@localhost smokeping]# ls htdocs/ css js smokeping.fcgi.dist # 创建smokeping的配置文件 [root@localhost smokeping]# cp etc/config.dist etc/config # 创建smokeping 页面启动文件 [root@localhost smokeping]# cp htdocs/smokeping.fcgi.dist htdocs/smokeping.fcgi # 里面的内容如下，通过smokeping_cgi脚本配合config配置文件启动 [root@localhost smokeping]# cat htdocs/smokeping.fcgi #!/bin/sh exec /opt/smokeping/bin/smokeping_cgi /opt/smokeping/etc/config # basepage.html 是webUI的模板页面，修改此文件可以对页面默认的颜色以及其他样式做定制 [root@localhost smokeping]# cp etc/basepage.html.dist etc/basepage.html # 用于设定主从验证 [root@localhost smokeping]# cp etc/smokeping_secrets.dist etc/smokeping_secrets ``` ### 修改配置文件 ```bash [root@localhost smokeping]# sed -i 's#cgiurl = http://some.url/smokeping.cgi#cgiurl = http://192.168.99.101/smokeping.cgi#g' /opt/smokeping/etc/config # 图片url可以不做修改【不建议修改】 [root@localhost smokeping]# sed -i 's#imgurl = cache#imgurl = http://192.168.99.101/cache#g' /opt/smokeping/etc/config # 默认检测时间300秒修改60秒 [root@localhost smokeping]# sed -i 's#step = 300#step = 60#g' /opt/smokeping/etc/config # 默认ping20次，修改为60秒ping60次 [root@localhost smokeping]# sed -i 's#pings = 20#pings = 60#g' /opt/smokeping/etc/config # 修改详情图detail显示高度，默认为200（第二处height） [root@localhost smokeping]# sed -i 's#height = 200#height = 600#g' /opt/smokeping/etc/config # 修改概览图overview显示高度，默认为50（第一处height） [root@localhost smokeping]# sed -i 's#height = 50#height = 200#g' /opt/smokeping/etc/config # 修改默认模板页面 [root@localhost smokeping]# sed -i 's#template = /opt/smokeping/etc/basepage.html.dist#template = /opt/smokeping/etc/basepage.html#g' /opt/smokeping/etc/config # 修改主从默认密码验证 [root@localhost smokeping]# sed -i 's#secrets=/opt/smokeping/etc/smokeping_secrets.dist#secrets=/opt/smokeping/etc/smokeping_secrets#g' /opt/smokeping/etc/config # 修改fping默认位置，先找到fping位置：whereis fping | awk '{print $2}'，进行一键替换 [root@localhost smokeping]# sed -i 's#binary = /usr/sbin/fping#binary = '`whereis fping | awk '{print $2}'`'#g' /opt/smokeping/etc/config # 查看config中自己修改后的内容 [root@localhost smokeping]# egrep "cgiurl|imgurl|step|pings|height|template|secrets|binary" etc/config imgurl = cache # imgurl = http://192.168.99.101/cache cgiurl = http://192.168.99.101/smokeping.cgi step = 60 pings = 60 # consfn mrhb steps total template = /opt/smokeping/etc/basepage.html height = 200 height = 600 binary = /usr/local/sbin/fping secrets=/opt/smokeping/etc/smokeping_secrets ``` ### 绘图支持显示中文 ```bash # 图片浏览器支持中文显示，防止中文乱码 # 中文支持修改第1处，安装字体 [root@localhost smokeping]# yum -y install wqy-zenhei-fonts.noarch # 中文支持修改第2处，在presentation添加utf-8中文字符集，解决图乱码问题 [root@localhost smokeping]# vim /opt/smokeping/etc/config # 省略 *** Presentation *** # 添加这一行 charset = utf-8 # 省略 # 中文支持修改第3处，【实际测试可以不用加】 [root@localhost smokeping]# vim /opt/smokeping/lib/Smokeping/Graphs.pm # 大概在150行左右 if ($mode =~ /[anc]/){ my $val = 0; for my $host (@hosts){ my ($graphret,$xs,$ys) = RRDs::graph ("dummy", '--start', $tasks[0][1], '--end', $tasks[0][2], # 添加下面这行 '--font TITLE:20:"WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono"', "DEF:maxping=$cfg->{General}{datadir}${host}.rrd:median:AVERAGE", 'PRINT:maxping:MAX:%le' ); my $ERROR = RRDs::error(); return "<div>RRDtool did not understand your input: $ERROR.</div>" if $ERROR; $val = $graphret->[0] if $val < $graphret->[0]; } $val = 1e-6 if $val =~ /nan/i; $max = { $tasks[0][1] => $val * 1.5 }; } ``` ### 权限验证 ```bash # 设置网页的登录用户名为smokeping，密码是自己输入的为smokeping [root@localhost smokeping]# htpasswd -c /opt/smokeping/htdocs/htpasswd smokeping New password: smokeping Re-type new password: smokeping Adding password for user smokeping # 可以看到用户名和加密后的密码记录到该文件中了 [root@localhost smokeping]# cat /opt/smokeping/htdocs/htpasswd smokeping:$apr1$cAduSlT.$NFgAIEKdenqs99YVNmq3e1 # 修改密码权限为root只读 [root@localhost smokeping]# chmod 600 /opt/smokeping/etc/smokeping_secrets [root@localhost smokeping]# cat /opt/smokeping/etc/smokeping_secrets host1:mysercert host2:yoursercert boomer:lkasdf93uhhfdfddf ``` ### 手动启动smokeping 接下来进行手动启动 ```bash [root@localhost smokeping]# bin/smokeping --logfile=/var/log/smokeping.log ERROR: /opt/smokeping/bin/../etc/config, line 112: ERROR: FPing 'binary' does not point to an executable # 启动失败，因为之前安装fping的路径是不一样的，需要进行修改，【如果前面已经修改过，则不用修改了】 [root@localhost smokeping]# whereis fping fping: /usr/local/sbin/fping [root@localhost smokeping]# vim etc/config # 找到112行修改 # binary = /usr/sbin/fping binary = /usr/local/sbin/fping # 接下来启动 [root@localhost smokeping]# bin/smokeping --logfile=/var/log/smokeping.log Note: logging to syslog as local0/info. Daemonizing bin/smokeping ... # 可以在日志里看到启动成功 [root@localhost smokeping]# cat /var/log/smokeping.log Sat Nov 16 21:23:13 2019 - Smokeping version 2.007003 successfully launched. Sat Nov 16 21:23:13 2019 - Not entering multiprocess mode for just a single probe. Sat Nov 16 21:23:13 2019 - FPing: probing 1 targets with step 60 s and offset 20 s. # 如果要停止smokeping进程 [root@localhost smokeping]# ps -aux | grep smoke | grep -v grep root 34464 0.0 2.8 307688 28404 ? Ss 21:23 0:00 bin/smokeping [FPing] [root@localhost smokeping]# ps -aux | grep smoke | grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}' 34464 # 然后使用kill -9 进程号 即可 ``` ### 写入smokeping自启动文件 ```bash [root@localhost smokeping]# vim /etc/systemd/system/smokeping.service [Unit] Description=Smokeping Network performance monitoring After=syslog.target network.target [Service] ExecStart=/opt/smokeping/bin/smokeping --logfile=/var/log/smokeping.log ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID StandardError=syslog Type=forking PIDFile=/opt/smokeping/var/smokeping.pid [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target # 设置完之后重启daemon [root@localhost smokeping]# systemctl daemon-reload # 结束之前用命令启动的smokeping，然后用systemctl去启动 [root@localhost smokeping]# kill -9 `ps -aux | grep smoke | grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}'` [root@localhost smokeping]# ps -aux | grep smoke | grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}' # 启动smokeping并查看状态 [root@localhost smokeping]# systemctl start smokeping [root@localhost smokeping]# systemctl status smokeping ● smokeping.service - Smokeping Network performance monitoring Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/smokeping.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (running) since 六 2019-11-16 21:39:44 CST; 4s ago Process: 34597 ExecStart=/opt/smokeping/bin/smokeping --logfile=/var/log/smokeping.log (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Main PID: 34601 (/opt/smokeping/) CGroup: /system.slice/smokeping.service └─34601 /opt/smokeping/bin/smokeping [FPing] # 同时查看 [root@localhost smokeping]# tail -f /var/log/smokeping.log 日志也会有相应的变化 # 创建开机自启 [root@localhost smokeping]# systemctl enable smokeping Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/smokeping.service to /etc/systemd/system/smokeping.service. ``` ### 修改Apache配置文件 ```bash [root@localhost smokeping]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf # 在下面一行之后添加以下内容 DocumentRoot "/var/www/html" Alias /cache "/opt/smokeping/cache/" # Alias /cropper "/opt/smokeping/htdocs/cropper/" Alias /css "/opt/smokeping/htdocs/css/" Alias /js "/opt/smokeping/htdocs/js/" Alias /smokeping "/opt/smokeping/htdocs/smokeping.fcgi" <Directory "/opt/smokeping"> AllowOverride None Options All AddHandler cgi-script .fcgi .cgi Order allow,deny Allow from all # 密码认证 AuthName "Smokeping" AuthType Basic AuthUserFile /opt/smokeping/htdocs/htpasswd Require valid-user DirectoryIndex smokeping.fcgi </Directory> # 设置完成后重启Apache服务 [root@localhost smokeping]# systemctl restart httpd ``` 浏览器访问 http://192.168.99.101/smokeping 就需要输入刚才设置的帐密，也就是`smokeping:smokeping` ### 配置监控目标 修改配置文件，在后面注释掉`Test`段落，添加自己的节点 ```bash [root@localhost smokeping]# vim /opt/smokeping/etc/config # 省略 *** Targets *** probe = FPing menu = Top title = Network Latency Grapher remark = Welcome to the SmokePing website of xxx Company. \ Here you will learn all about the latency of our network. #+ Test #menu= Targets ##parents = owner:/Test/James location:/ #++ James #menu = James #title =James #alerts = someloss #slaves = boomer slave2 #host = james.address #++ MultiHost #menu = Multihost #title = James and James as seen from Boomer #host = /Test/James /Test/James~boomer # 添加监测源的IP库，加入到config中，修改后重启smokeping才会生效 # 添加监控节点示例：注意+是第一层，++是第二层，+++ 是第三层 # 注释掉上面的，添加下面的监控节点 + NetMonitor menu = 三大网络监控 title = 监控统计 ++ dianxin menu = 电信网络监控 title = 电信网络监控列表 host = /NetMonitor/dianxin/dianxin-bj /NetMonitor/dianxin/dianxin-sc +++ dianxin-bj menu = 北京电信 title = 北京电信 alerts = someloss host = 202.96.199.133 +++ dianxin-sc menu = 四川电信 title = 四川电信 alerts = someloss host = 61.139.2.69 ++ liantong menu = 联通网络监控 title = 联通网络监控列表 host = /NetMonitor/liantong/liantong-bj /NetMonitor/liantong/liantong-gz +++ liantong-bj menu = 北京联通 title = 北京联通 alerts = someloss host = 61.135.169.121 +++ liantong-gz menu = 广东联通 title = 广东联通 alerts = someloss host = 221.5.88.88 ++ yidong menu = 移动网络监控 title = 移动网络监控列表 host = /NetMonitor/yidong/yidong-sc /NetMonitor/yidong/yidong-gz +++ yidong-sc menu = 四川移动 title = 四川移动 alerts = someloss host = 218.201.4.3 +++ yidong-gz menu = 广东移动 title = 广东移动 alerts = someloss host = 211.136.192.6 ``` 注意，在`host`中需要指定每一组节点信息例如`host = /第一层/第二层/第三层`，否则，浏览器访问指定该名称时会报错。添加监控节点后需要重启smokeping服务 ```bash [root@localhost smokeping]# systemctl restart smokeping ``` 但是报错啊，不过日志中这个`WARNING`不影响smokeping的正常运行。 ```bash [root@localhost ~]# tail -f /var/log/smokeping.log Sat Nov 16 22:50:36 2019 - FPing: WARNING: smokeping took 60.1801409721375 seconds to complete 1 round of polling. It should complete polling in 60 seconds. You may have unresponsive devices in your setup. ``` ### 关闭Selinux 主要是页面上访问会提示创建目录失败，也就是无权限 ```html Software error: ERROR: creating /opt/smokeping/cache/NetMonitor: No such file or directory ``` 解决办法是**关闭Selinux** ```bash # 临时关闭 [root@localhost smokeping]# getenforce Enforcing [root@localhost smokeping]# setenforce 0 [root@localhost smokeping]# getenforce Permissive # 如果需要永久关闭 vim /etc/sysconfig/selinux ，SELINUX=enforcing 改为 SELINUX=disabled 然后重启 ``` 蜜汁问题，smokeping终于正常创建目录了，绘图也正常了   绿色线绘出的是中间值(median)的位置，一个周期内探测返回的其它值都在中间值附近被以灰度的形式显示,灰度的范围越小说明此周期内抖动较小，灰度的颜色也有深浅，颜色越深，说明RTT值在此范围相对集中，灰色区域如烟雾般笼罩在中间值附近，很契合smokeping的名称。 ## smokeping配置文件解释 ### 基础配置信息 可以更改所有者(owner)、联系方式(contact)、邮件服务器(mailhost)、主站cgi地址(cgiurl,此选项对主从架构很重要)、syslog消息类型(syslogfacility)。同时，通过`@include`字段引用了同目录下的pathnames。 ```bash *** General *** owner = Peter Random contact = some@address.nowhere mailhost = my.mail.host sendmail = /usr/sbin/sendmail # NOTE: do not put the Image Cache below cgi-bin # since all files under cgi-bin will be executed ... this is not # good for images. imgcache = /opt/smokeping/cache imgurl = cache # imgurl = http://192.168.99.101/cache datadir = /opt/smokeping/data piddir = /opt/smokeping/var cgiurl = http://192.168.99.101/smokeping.cgi smokemail = /opt/smokeping/etc/smokemail.dist tmail = /opt/smokeping/etc/tmail.dist # specify this to get syslog logging syslogfacility = local0 # each probe is now run in its own process # disable this to revert to the old behaviour # concurrentprobes = no ``` ### 报警规则 缺省条件下，采用sendmail邮件报警的方式，`to` 即接收方，`from` 即发送方。`someloss`是预定义的一个默认检测器，检测器不仅仅是一个阈值，它可以定义一组RTT从旧到新的变化过程，`pattern` 的值以一个运算符开始，按照从旧到新的状态变化，示例中，`>0%` 表示有丢包，`*12*` 表示在该组中最大忽略匹配12个数值，因此这段定义的意义是：匹配一组数据是否满足丢包次数大于等于3次。 ```bash *** Alerts *** to = alertee@address.somewhere from = smokealert@company.xy +someloss type = loss # in percent pattern = >0%,*12*,>0%,*12*,>0% comment = loss 3 times in a row ``` ### 数据库 描述rrd数据库的属性。 更改数据库配置文件无法对现有的rrd起作用，更改数据库配置文件后，需要清理现有的rrd缓存以使程序正常工作，默认rrd目录为：`/opt/smokeping/data/`，也就是自己配置的data目录。`step` 表示基本操作间隔，即smokeping探测目标主机的间隔，默认300秒，`pings`表示在一次探测动作中，发出探测包的数量，`step` 和 `pings` 的值均可以被后续的探针设置所覆盖。此配置也包含数据库归档合并的规则，共4列：合并方法、允许未知数值比例、步进，存储总行数。每一行表示一条RRA(循环归档)存储规则，预定义了多条`AVERAGE`、`MIN`，`MAX`规则。以AVERAGE为例，第一条AVERAGE，步进1，行数1008，按照缺省step=300的条件下，表示5分钟一条，最大1008条，共存储3.5天数据，这是以此精度绘图的最大时间范围，如果超出范围，将会继续匹配合适的RRA，比如第二条AVERAGE，存储的时间范围是180天，但是精度是1小时。 ```bash *** Database *** step = 60 pings = 60 # consfn mrhb steps total AVERAGE 0.5 1 1008 AVERAGE 0.5 12 4360 MIN 0.5 12 4360 MAX 0.5 12 4360 AVERAGE 0.5 144 760 MAX 0.5 144 760 MIN 0.5 144 760 ``` ### 定义显示规则 template 即webUI使用的网页模板，默认指向`/opt/smokeping/etc/basepage.html`，模板中包含各种表单关键字。charset 即文档编码，默认使用UTF-8 ```bash *** Presentation *** charset = utf-8 template = /opt/smokeping/etc/basepage.html htmltitle = yes graphborders = no + charts menu = Charts title = The most interesting destinations ++ stddev sorter = StdDev(entries=>4) title = Top Standard Deviation menu = Std Deviation format = Standard Deviation %f ++ max sorter = Max(entries=>5) title = Top Max Roundtrip Time menu = by Max format = Max Roundtrip Time %f seconds ++ loss sorter = Loss(entries=>5) title = Top Packet Loss menu = Loss format = Packets Lost %f ++ median sorter = Median(entries=>5) title = Top Median Roundtrip Time menu = by Median format = Median RTT %f seconds # smokeping支持报表功能，允许以特定的标准对图形目标排序显示。menu 表示菜单名称，title表示显示标题。 # 在子配置项中，可以看到sorter选项，通过此选项可以制定排序器，针对RTT的统计， # 内置了：标准差 StdDev(arg1=>val1,arg2=>val2)，最大 Max(arg1=>val1,arg2=>val2),丢包率 Loss(arg1=>val1,arg2=>val2)等排序方法。 # format选项表示图例输出格式，此格式参考fprint字符串格式。 + overview width = 600 height = 200 range = 10h # overview 部分，定义了概述图的外观，宽 width，高 height， # 时间跨度 range，range的格式可以是s(seconds), m(minutes), h(hours), d(days), w(weeks), y(years)。 + detail width = 600 height = 600 unison_tolerance = 2 # detail部分定义了详细图的外观，宽 width，高 height，unison_tolerance 规定了统一缩放的因子， # 此值必须参照每轮探测RTT结果的max中间值即median max，实际是为了保证图形缩放时的可读性，默认值为2， # 表示任何最大值小于中间值“max”一半或两倍以上的图都将从统一缩放中删除。 "Last 3 Hours" 3h "Last 30 Hours" 30h "Last 10 Days" 10d "Last 400 Days" 400d # detail 也包含可定义图形时间尺度的部分，包含两列：图形时间尺度的描述和时间跨度值，此值的格式与overview部分的range格式一致。 #+ hierarchies #++ owner #title = Host Owner #++ location #title = Location ``` ### 配置探针模块 smokeping支持很多探针模块，最常用的就是内联的fping。 ```bash *** Probes *** + FPing # binary = /usr/sbin/fping binary = /usr/local/sbin/fping ``` ### 主从配置 在使用主从结构时，需要一个验证文件，即secrets指定的值，默认为 `/opt/smokeping/etc/smokeping_secrets`，对于每一个从节点，还需要指定显示名称 `display_name`，显示颜色 color(此颜色指的是概述图上的线色，非细节图)，颜色代码采用RRGGBB形式。 ```bash *** Slaves *** secrets=/opt/smokeping/etc/smokeping_secrets +boomer display_name=boomer color=0000ff +slave2 display_name=another color=00ff00 ``` ### 定义监控目标各项参数 Target是搭建snokeping主要配置的部分。`menu`定义了条目的菜单名称，`title`定义了条目的标题名称，`host` 定义了目标主机名，`alerts`定义了使用的报警器，`probe`定义了使用的探针，`slaves`定义了需要使用的从服务器列表。同样，子条目的参数会继承父条目，也可以进行覆盖。 ```bash *** Targets *** probe = FPing menu = Top title = Network Latency Grapher remark = Welcome to the SmokePing website of xxx Company. \ Here you will learn all about the latency of our network. #+ Test #menu= Targets ##parents = owner:/Test/James location:/ #++ James #menu = James #title =James #alerts = someloss #slaves = boomer slave2 #host = james.address #++ MultiHost #menu = Multihost #title = James and James as seen from Boomer #host = /Test/James /Test/James~boomer + NetMonitor menu = 三大网络监控 title = 监控统计 ++ dianxin menu = 电信网络监控 title = 电信网络监控列表 host = /NetMonitor/dianxin/dianxin-bj /NetMonitor/dianxin/dianxin-sc +++ dianxin-bj menu = 北京电信 title = 北京电信 alerts = someloss host = 202.96.199.133 +++ dianxin-sc menu = 四川电信 title = 四川电信 alerts = someloss host = 61.139.2.69 ++ liantong menu = 联通网络监控 title = 联通网络监控列表 host = /NetMonitor/liantong/liantong-bj /NetMonitor/liantong/liantong-gz +++ liantong-bj menu = 北京联通 title = 北京联通 alerts = someloss host = 61.135.169.121 +++ liantong-gz menu = 广东联通 title = 广东联通 alerts = someloss host = 221.5.88.88 ++ yidong menu = 移动网络监控 title = 移动网络监控列表 host = /NetMonitor/yidong/yidong-sc /NetMonitor/yidong/yidong-gz +++ yidong-sc menu = 四川移动 title = 四川移动 alerts = someloss host = 218.201.4.3 +++ yidong-gz menu = 广东移动 title = 广东移动 alerts = someloss host = 211.136.192.6 ``` ## 独立监控目标文件 可以将监控的节点独立出来，然后使用`@include xxx`指定这个文件即可。也就是可以不用在config配置文件中加上监控IP的配置，直接独立出来即可。 在config同一目录下创建一个文件 ```bash [root@localhost smokeping]# vim etc/net_test.list # 添加 + NetMonitor_test menu = 三大网络监控_include title = 监控统计 ++ dianxin menu = 电信网络监控 title = 电信网络监控列表 host = /NetMonitor_test/dianxin/dianxin-bj /NetMonitor_test/dianxin/dianxin-sc +++ dianxin-bj menu = 北京电信 title = 北京电信 alerts = someloss host = 202.96.199.133 +++ dianxin-sc menu = 四川电信 title = 四川电信 alerts = someloss host = 61.139.2.69 ++ liantong menu = 联通网络监控 title = 联通网络监控列表 host = /NetMonitor_test/liantong/liantong-bj /NetMonitor_test/liantong/liantong-gz +++ liantong-bj menu = 北京联通 title = 北京联通 alerts = someloss host = 61.135.169.121 +++ liantong-gz menu = 广东联通 title = 广东联通 alerts = someloss host = 221.5.88.88 ++ yidong menu = 移动网络监控 title = 移动网络监控列表 host = /NetMonitor_test/yidong/yidong-sc /NetMonitor_test/yidong/yidong-gz +++ yidong-sc menu = 四川移动 title = 四川移动 alerts = someloss host = 218.201.4.3 +++ yidong-gz menu = 广东移动 title = 广东移动 alerts = someloss host = 211.136.192.6 ``` 修改smokeping的配置文件，在最后引入这个配置 ```bash [root@localhost smokeping]# vim etc/config # 最后添加 @include net_test.list [root@localhost smokeping]# systemctl restart smokeping ```  现在就增加了另一项。

明人不说暗话 领红包就是支持！！！ 来都来了，再到页面底部看下呗~ ↓ ↓ ↓

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